全自動流水線的發展歷程

　　采用全自(zi)動(dong)(dong)流(liu)水(shui)線是由(you)工件傳送系統和(he)控制(zhi)系統，將(jiang)一組(zu)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)機床和(he)輔助設備按照工藝順序聯結起來，自(zi)動(dong)(dong)完成產品全部(bu)或部(bu)分制(zhi)造過程的生產系統，簡(jian)稱全自(zi)動(dong)(dong)流(liu)水(shui)線。

　　發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)歷程:二(er)十(shi)世(shi)(shi)紀20年(nian)代，隨著汽車(che)、滾(gun)動(dong)軸(zhou)承、小(xiao)型(xing)電動(dong)機和縫紉機等工(gong)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，機械(xie)制造中開(kai)始出(chu)現(xian)全自動(dong)流水(shui)線(xian)，早出(chu)現(xian)的是組(zu)合機床全自動(dong)流水(shui)線(xian)。在(zai)二(er)十(shi)世(shi)(shi)紀20年(nian)代之前，首先是在(zai)汽車(che)工(gong)業中出(chu)現(xian)了(le)流水(shui)生(sheng)產線(xian)和半自動(dong)生(sheng)產線(xian)，隨后發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)成(cheng)為全自動(dong)流水(shui)線(xian)。二(er)次世(shi)(shi)界大戰后，在(zai)工(gong)業發(fa)達國家的機械(xie)制造業中，全自動(dong)流水(shui)線(xian)的數(shu)目(mu)急劇增加。

　　優點:

　　采用全(quan)自動(dong)流水(shui)線進行(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)應有足夠大(da)(da)的產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量;產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)設(she)計(ji)和(he)工藝應先進、穩定、可靠，并在較長時(shi)間內保持基本(ben)不變。在大(da)(da)批(pi)、大(da)(da)量生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中采用全(quan)自動(dong)流水(shui)線能(neng)提高勞(lao)動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)率，穩定和(he)提高產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量，改善勞(lao)動(dong)條件，縮減生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)占地面積，降低生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)，縮短生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)周(zhou)期(qi)，保證生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)均(jun)衡(heng)性，有顯著的經濟效(xiao)益。

　　自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)線(xian)在(zai)無人(ren)干(gan)預的(de)(de)(de)情況下按規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)序(xu)或(huo)指令自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)進行操作或(huo)控制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)，其目標是"穩(wen)，準，快"。自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)化技術廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)于工(gong)(gong)業、農業、軍事、科學研(yan)究、交通(tong)運輸(shu)、商(shang)業、醫療、服(fu)務(wu)和(he)家庭等方面。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)線(xian)不僅可以(yi)把(ba)人(ren)從繁重的(de)(de)(de)體力(li)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、部(bu)分腦力(li)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)以(yi)及惡(e)劣、危(wei)險的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)解放(fang)出來，而且能擴展人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)器(qi)官功能，極大地提高勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)率(lv)，增(zeng)強人(ren)類認識世(shi)界(jie)和(he)改造世(shi)界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)能力(li)進行生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)應(ying)有足(zu)夠(gou)大的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)量(liang);產(chan)(chan)品(pin)設計和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝應(ying)先進、穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)、可靠，并在(zai)較長時間內(nei)保(bao)持基本(ben)不變(bian)。在(zai)大批、大量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)全自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)流水線(xian)能提高勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)率(lv)，穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)和(he)提高產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)，改善(shan)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)條件，縮減生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)占(zhan)地面積，降低生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成本(ben)，縮短(duan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)周(zhou)期，保(bao)證生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)均衡性，有顯著的(de)(de)(de)經濟效益。

　　應用范圍:

　　機(ji)械制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)中有(you)鑄造(zao)、鍛造(zao)、沖壓(ya)、熱處理(li)、焊(han)接(jie)、切削(xue)加工(gong)和(he)機(ji)械裝配等全自動流水線，也有(you)包括不(bu)同性質的工(gong)序，如毛(mao)坯制(zhi)造(zao)、加工(gong)、裝配、檢(jian)驗和(he)包裝等的綜合全自動流水線。